Though exploitation as women often use the payments from

Topic: EducationResearch
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Last updated: October 23, 2019

Though exploitation is possible in almostany financial transaction, by putting a price on bodily artifacts, people aresubjected to a level of exploitation through political and economic means thatcan vie for the legality of other unethical dilemmas such as organ sale.Therefore, payments for reproductive services, including egg and sperm donation,should be banned. Cohen in The Price ofEverything, The Value of Nothing, asserts that with regards to an unethicaltransaction, an exchange is corrupting when “the relevant goods cannot bealigned along a single metric without doing violence to our consideredjudgments about how these goods are best characterized.” The altruisticdonation of egg and sperm lead to less exploitation as women often use thepayments from donating her eggs to payfor college fees or to feed her family. With egg and sperm donation, ethicallines are blurred since the “the voluntariness formulation asks whether consentto the transaction was truly voluntary, given society’s background distributionof resources. Its roots lie in the Kantian idea that humans cannot realize theirtrue nature as free and rational beings if they are unduly influenced by thecoercive effects of money,” making the convincing argument that there is indeedno altruism involved in the financial retribution of egg and sperm donation.Eggdonation plays an important role in infertility practice, by helping women andmen have children through nontraditional methods.

The access to egg donation,is in large due to donors being paid for their services. Some view the term altruistic deed of”commercial egg donation” as an oxymoron, as Thomas Murray writes,”Despite the repeated reference to ‘donors’ of both ovum and sperm, payingindividuals for their biological products makes them vendors, not donors. Examplesof altruistic acts are usually reserved for ones’ offspring or blood relative.In cases where a child needs an organ transplant, a parent or sibling willwilling lend the needed organ in order to see someone they care about live. Thecase can be made that humans are not intrinsically altruistic, thus the sale ofgametes serve as an exploitative form of financial, political, or socialcapital. While some egg donors are motivated inpart by altruistic considerations, most women would not be egg donors withoutfinancial compensation.

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Data collected from women at an egg donationorientation analyzed the main motives for donation, with factors includingaltruism, financial compensation, and the potential to pass on geneticmaterial. Results were as followed: 81.32% indicated that payment was animportant factor in their decision, and 40% of the women said that they werecurrently students.

The 48.35% of women, who were motivated by financialreasons, cited that “compensation would be used for items such as for schoolloans and tuition, medical debt, and to buy a house” (Gezinski). Often, themajority of women donating eggs are under financial constraint so thecontributions granted by the commodification of their eggs appear worth themedical risks. Although, men get less allowance per donation, there is relativelylittle risk to donating sperm. The form of coercion perpetuated by the monetaryretribution subject women to painful medical procedures for a reproductiveservice.

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